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Articles : Electronic Marketplaces (E-Marketplaces)
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ELECTRONIC MARKETPLACES (E-MARKETPLACES) |
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An e-marketplace is a location on the Internet where companies can
obtain or disseminate information, engage in transactions, or work
together in some way. Most of the e-marketplaces provide two basis
functions: 1) they allow companies to obtain new suppliers or buyers for
company products, or 2) developing streamlined trading networks that
make negotiating, settlement, and delivery more efficient. Currently
e-marketplaces exist in many different industries.
E-marketplaces can be structured in several different ways. One way to
structure a marketplace is similiar to eBay, where the market maker is
neither a buyer or seller, but is a neutral third party. Other
e-marketplaces are set up be a consortium of sellers that leverage their
combined power to efficiently sell their products to buyers. Buyers can
also set up a marketplace to reduce their costs and obtain better
purchasing terms. An example of this type of marketplace is Covisant, a
marketplace run by the automobile industry. Moreover, large buyers can
set up another type of marketplace, a private marketplace, for their
supplier networks.
In order for a site to fall into the category of an e-marketplace, the
site needs be open to multiple buyers and sellers and needs to provide
one or more commerce related functions. These functions include:
forward or reverse auctions, vendor catalogues, fixed price ordering,
trading exchange functionality, bulliten boards / wanted ads, and RFQ,
RFI, or RFP capability. Sucessful e-marketplaces can deliver
significant value to their users or members and are profitable.
If you are looking at joining an e-marketplace, there are several things
that you need to consider when you are exaiming your options. The next
sections describe key considerations when looking at e-marketplaces:
- Ownership of the E-marketplace: This is crucial. Successful
e-marketplaces are usually backed by good capital and this helps to
ensure their success and longevity. You also do not want to be involved
in a marketplace if your competitor is the major owner.
- Costs: This is also important. You should compare the costs of
joining the marketplace with the projected savings and efficieny gains
from joining the marketplace. Look for hidden costs. Possible things
that e-marketplace charge for are commissions for completed
transactions, membership fees, listing fees, value added services
(inspection, escrow, delivery, etc).
- Ease of Use / Support: An e-marketplace should be easy to use and
should not require a lot of training for your staff. Check to make sure
that the marketplace does not require special equipment and has a
strightforward transaction process.
- Industry Fit: Many e-marketplaces are targeted toward one or two
industries. Consequently the processes and structure of the marketplace
are designed to maximize efficieny gains and transaction costs for that
industry. Be sure your company is a good fit.
- Marketplace Participation: If there are no buyers and sellers listed
on the marketplace, it is unlikely that you will gain anything from
joining the marketplace. A viable marketplace will have a lot of buyers
and sellers - this is the only way that an e-marketplace can work.
- Security / Privacy: Be sure that the transaction information is not
published or available for a third party or a competitor. You do not
want a competitor getting hold of your key supplier data or pricing
information. Moreover, you would only want to do business with
reputable buyers. An e-marketplace should have systems in place to
prevent or reduce fraud.
- Other Services: Depending on your industry, you may want to check
that other services the marketplace offers. some marketplaces offer
delivery or escrow services. Other marketplace pre-qualify vendors.
These may provide value for your organization.
- Process Integration: An efficient marketplace should be designed so
that it integrates with existing buyer and seller ways of doing
business. This may means conducting transaction in an industry standard
format or offering ways to "plug into" the system.
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